Tag: Nelson Maldonado-Torres

  • De las resistencias a las re-existencias Sobre los aprendizajes descoloniales de la última décadaAlex Serpas | Re-exists: A Leap of Life | Acrylic paint on paper | El Salvador, 2025

    From resistance to re-existence On the decolonial learnings of the last decade

    By Carlos Mendoza-Álvarez

    I return to the story of the river of waters of life and thought that has been formed thanks to shared learning experiences with friends with whom I discover an inspiring way to live spirituality and to weave a theological and philosophical thought that is meaningful and mobilizing for the times we live in our era of global uncertainty.

    Mutual Spiritual and Theological Accompaniment was the first stream that began to flow, irrigating the lands of my theological work, which I cultivated with people on the margins of society. I sought a spirituality of life that flourishes amidst the cracks of power, first in Mexico and the United States, then throughout the continent, and now reaching Europe and Africa. Thus, little by little, I explored spaces of great vitality, diverse spiritualities with their own theological knowledge outside the university, such as the public square, pastoral service, and social activism. These were spiritualities I had sensed since my youth, but which I now listened to with greater attention, both heart and mind.

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    The other tributary of the valley of decolonial practices and knowledge was one I began to navigate with Pablo Reyna, Araceli Téllez, Eduardo Velasco, and several colleagues from the Ibero-American University of Mexico City more than a decade ago. It was during the time of the #YoSoy132 student movement, which rose up against the corruption of the Mexican political system; also during the protests over the forced disappearance of the Ayotzinapa students; and, later, during the #MeToo movement, ignited by feminist comrades in public squares around the world to dismantle the age-old patriarchy.

    I joined the learning process to “decolonize the university,” to which David Fernández—who began his rectorship at the Ibero-American University in Mexico City inspired by the thought and martyrdom of his Jesuit colleague Ignacio Ellacuría of the Central American University of El Salvador, and advised by the sharp intellect of the great Mexican thinker Gustavo Esteva—had called us, from my position as an academic and administrator. In my capacity as Divisional Director of Humanities and Communication at Ibero Mexico City, I proposed holding a colloquium in 2016 called “For a Change of World,” where we invited students, faculty, researchers, administrative staff, and university service personnel to raise the most urgent social problems of our time and discuss ways to address them, considering their root causes as part of our university vocation, and making the crucial “epistemological” shift to learn from the knowledge of the peoples and social movements that creatively and hopefully confronted these forms of violence. The keynote address given by Leonardo Boff on the challenges of our time was memorable at that colloquium.

    From that auspicious moment, a series of talks, workshops, and academic colloquia followed, each bringing together three diverse and complementary perspectives and analyses: social movements resisting various forms of violence; academics learning and researching alongside these movements; and artists' collectives creating performances, choreographies, music, paintings, sculptures, plays, and literature to tell and recreate the life stories emerging from the cracks of a violent world. Over time, it proved to be a fascinating formula, full of cognitive, social, cultural, and spiritual challenges, revealing itself as a specific path to "decolonizing" the university, thus opening it to other processes of knowledge and transformation of reality arising from the peripheries of the hegemonic world.

    The 2017 colloquium “At the Crossroads of North and South” on the poetic and academic work of Boaventura de Sousa Santos was another memorable moment. Rappers, singing and dancing to the poetry of the Portuguese author's INKZ (Incapable) writing, interacted with Searching Mothers from Mexico and Argentina, with young women from the Community Guards of Cherán in Michoacán, and with healers from Bojayá in Colombia, healing the trauma of the massacre perpetrated by paramilitaries and the army, among many other experiences of victims turned survivors. In this way, we explored new paths of the “ecology of knowledges”—a barely explored territory that we will have to traverse in the years to come.

    Later, the conference on decolonial theologies organized in 2019 by the international theology journal Concilium in Mexico City—a publishing initiative I was part of as an editorial advisor and later as a director, which kept the flame of the Second Vatican Council alive—in collaboration with the Ibero-American University and the Dominican Catholic University Center (CUC) at the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), brought together several of these threads into a master knot. An ecumenical prayer service in the Santo Domingo Church in Mexico City, co-led by a Dominican Catholic bishop and an Afro-Puerto Rican queer bishop, opened the event, which then brought together social movements from Mexico, Guatemala, El Salvador, Colombia, Brazil, and Argentina on the Santa Fe campus of the university. There, they engaged in inspiring conversations with investigative journalists, anthropologists, philosophers, and theologians in roundtables of mutual listening. Each day was accompanied by three-way discussions, following the format that had revealed to us a new model of university in its infancy. Other times we organize round tables with renowned figures, such as that extraordinary conversation between Rita Segato, Raúl Zibechi and Amador Fernández Savater about the spiritualities that animate resistances, a topic for the three figures outside of their usual reflections on critical theory that they agreed to explore, carried out at the CUC of the University Parish of the Dominicans, to close the event with provocative intuitions about “political hope”.

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    Up until then, we called these conversations “Resist” until, in dialogue with Nelson Maldonado-Torres during a colloquium in Boston in the spring of 2022, I realized the need to name this deeper phase of the decolonization of life and thought with a new expression. It was crucial to focus on the “re-existences” created by Afro-diasporic peoples, women in their struggle against patriarchy, queer collectives, mothers searching for their missing children in Argentina and Mexico, collectives of people in forced migration, people with disabilities (or different abilities, depending on the desired emphasis) creating living spaces, and so many other communities in resistance that invent, day after day, new ways of life, communal organization, and spiritualities of Buen Vivir (Good Living).

    Inspired by this intuition, together with Elías González and Juan Carlos La Puente, we organized two festival-meetings at ITESO in Guadalajara, both titled “Re-existe” (Re-exists), the first in 2023 and the second in 2025. Thanks to the vision of its rector, Alexander Zatyrka, and the creative imagination of a handful of theologians from Peru, Kenya, Nigeria, Catalonia, India, and Mexico, we were able to bring together eighty invited guests and hundreds of students and faculty at both events. The heart of both discussions and festivals beat with a focus on the spiritualities that sustain, with “combative hope,” the people and communities located on the fringes of the hegemonic world. Mining extractivism was analyzed in its connections to white supremacist racism and xenophobic immigration policies, with their strategies of ethnic cleansing and extermination focused on controlling territories and subjectivities through new settler colonialisms, such as those that gave rise to countries like the United States, South Africa, and Israel. There, we sought to unravel the processes of awakening, healing, and self-empowerment deployed by communities in resistance. Histories that, little by little, transform into re-existences.

    The harvest of these wonderful encounters was also expressed as a celebratory ritual thanks to the support of Fran, Diego, Glenda, and Lau, popular educators from the Bendita Mezcla collective, formed by the younger generations of the Base Ecclesial Communities of Our America. And so, these conversations reached their aesthetic climax with the comic book talent of Katsumi Lemus, the rap and hip hop of the comrades from Psicolexia and Semillero 259 from Chiapas, the performances of the Portland, Oregon, artists' collective, the dancers of Jauja in the Andean highlands, and so many other people who create glimmers of beauty in the cracks of necropower.

    We now dream of reuniting in Mother Africa in 2028, where we can honor the living memory of those peoples who teach us so much today about the power of their recovered ancestral heritage. Peoples who are living testaments to the creativity of the diaspora and the profound thought that arises from centuries-old wounds transformed into bodies and territories of dignity and hope, as in South Africa and Kenya, South Sudan and the Congo.

    In the context of the great catastrophe (Nakba) that we face today—whether as “war against humanity” according to the Zapatistas in Chiapas, as genocide in Palestine denounced in its ideological apparatuses of Jewish and evangelical Zionism by Silvana Rabinovich and Mitri Raheb, or as technofascism throughout the world according to decolonial thought—these encounters are more urgent than ever to weave networks of mutual recognition and political hope, promoting a sharp analysis of the complexity of the catastrophe.

    But perhaps the greatest challenge lies in sharing the initiatives for caring for territories and the processes of autonomy cultivated by many groups located in the cracks of the hegemonic world, where the life of the peoples is preserved and enhanced as a seed of hope for humanity and for the Common Home that welcomes us into its bosom.

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    On this urgent topic, a book on decolonial political theology has been in the works for a year. It is a decolonial analysis because it arises from the cracks in necropower during the great catastrophe. But such an approach is insufficient if it is not enriched by the anthropological analysis of mimetic desire, which explains the violence within subjectivity in relation to the otherness of one's neighbor and the other God. This decolonial political theology remains open to ongoing critique thanks to the horizon of apophatic thought, which warns us against any usurpation of the divine. It is a collective work that I gradually developed, together with colleagues who participated in the colloquia I organized with the support of Martin, Matthew, and Francis, enthusiastic doctoral students at Boston College, during the five years I lived in Massachusetts. The New York-based publisher Orbis Books is the home that welcomes us for the publication of this work, where we will give an account of our feelings and thoughts of re-existence in times of necropower.

    I will share more details about this book, which is in the final stage of the publishing process, in future posts.

    Jobel, September 12, 2026

  • Adiós, “America”.Photo by Elizabeth Scholl for The Huntington News

    Goodbye, “America.”

    By Carlos Mendoza-Álvarez

     

    Since I was a child, I have had an ambivalent relationship with American culture. On the one hand, enjoying its cartoons like every childhood of the 20th century, then its multicultural music, from the jazz we listened to at family parties and the rhythms of the time like Twist  and Rock & Roll, that moved the elders at home to dance. Baseball, “the king of sports,” was the sport we enjoyed most at home, which my dad and my family passionately followed on the radio and later on television. I experienced the Apollo 13 moon landing as a 9-year-old boy in front of the television, admiring the latest marvel of human civilization.

    But I also remember reading the newspapers and watching TV scenes of Uncle Sam's constant military invasions around the world as a teenager, with the sad stories of the wars promoted by US imperialism during the Vietnam era. As a high school student, I became more aware of US interventions in Latin America, from its support for dictatorships in South America to the CIA's funding of paramilitary groups to dismantle guerrilla movements across the continent and in my own country.

     

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    My education in Mexico laid the foundation for critical thinking, first at the Benemerita Autonomous University of Puebla, where I began studying philosophy, and then at National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM for its acronym in Spanish), where I completed my bachelor's degree, though I didn't graduate, following the advice of my Dominican superiors. Postgraduate studies in Switzerland and France opened my eyes to new perspectives on the traditions of European phenomenological thought and contemporary Hebrew philosophy.

    I never imagined living for a long time in “the heart of the empire” until an invitation arrived from Boston College, (BC) to join its prestigious Theology Department. I arrived in Massachusetts at the height of my academic career after 25 years of teaching and research in Mexico, Switzerland, France, and Chile, to build bridges between the South and the North through classes in liberation theology and Latin American thought. But my background also included, to the surprise of my Boston colleagues, decolonial thought and queer theory. These are three avenues I explored and connected over the years to reflect on the crisis of modernity and its effects on the experience of subjectivity open to the revelation of another world.

    I was received with great professional attention by the BC authorities and with polite respect for my colleagues, recognized as the best in their disciplines in the international academic world, according to the dominant model of knowledge. I began my work in January 2021, in the middle of winter and during the critical phase of the pandemic. The campus seemed like a ghost town, frozen in time by the frigid cold and the mandated lockdown. I offered my first classes in through a hybrid model, with half the students in the classroom wearing masks and the other half online. I survived the first year of isolation thanks to the invaluable support of Sole, a beloved Chilean doctoral student who served as my teaching assistant, and Neto, a kind-hearted Salvadoran colleague.

    Once established as a Senior Scholar, I threw myself into teaching, discovering to my surprise the tremendous workload entailed in an educational model that prioritizes the undivided attention of the "instructor" over students who follow instructions to the letter, with little creative imagination to independently search for sources, problematize topics, and suggest new interpretations. It was also important to adapt the bibliography to English only texts because the students didn't read other languages. To top it all off, I discovered that Spanish wasn't recognized as a "scientific language." Then the warning signs went off, as I began to perceive the power of white academia, still present on the East Coast of the country, so famous for its liberal thinking, but ultimately with an internalized colonialism yet to be defused.

    I set about immersing myself in this experience of a new educational model, abandoning my initial intention upon accepting this invitation, which was to focus on writing two outstanding books to complete my second theological trilogy, this time on the idea of "tradition" that communicates divine revelation according to the Christian narrative. Those manuscripts are still on my desk. I sensed it was important to pursue the research in another way, so I began a project called Beyond Global Violence Initiative (BGVI) as a platform for promoting academic conversations with colleagues from the South and North on pressing issues facing the humanities today. Thanks to the initial support of academic authorities and, above all, the generosity of colleagues from various latitudes who responded to the invitation, I was able to organize five colloquia to weave collective reflections on modern subjectivity in the face of civilizational catastrophe, following the path of phenomenology, mimetic theory, and apophatic thought. A book in progress on political theology, scheduled to appear in 2026, will be the rich harvest of these gatherings.

     

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    The initial academic project of building bridges between South and North was going well until we welcomed Palestine. Then I began to perceive the strangeness, later transformed into suspicion, and finally into distrust, on the part of some colleagues and academic authorities regarding these investigations with their social and political implications, of openly critiquing the theologies of empire, such as in its form of Israeli or Christian Zionism. With some fellow professors, doctoral students, and a few undergraduate students who shared this concern about the ongoing genocide of the Palestinian people, we organized two academic events to learn about current Palestinian thought. But I began to receive messages of "concern" from academic authorities and outright rejection from some students who, emboldened Trump supporters, openly and at times aggressively expressed themselves against decolonial critique of extractive capitalism, heteronormative patriarchy, and white supremacist racism.

    The fear promoted by the Trump administration since its first term grew massively from the beginning of its second term. It focused on controlling thought in American universities. Its strategy became more aggressive since taking office in January 2025. Through "hate rhetoric"—analyzed through a mimetic lens by the Brazilian colleague João Cezar de Castro Rocha, first in Brazil and then in the United States and other far-right countries in government—the movement Make America Great Again (MAGA) increasingly and viciously controlled minds and universities through social media and censorship policies. The problem wasn't just Trump, but the more than 70 million voters who supported him and who, even amid the US geopolitical military expansionism, continue to subscribe to his imperial dictatorial policies (on immigration, gender, and white supremacist racism), all of which are amalgamated with the "theological" ideology of political messianism.

    American colonialism is closely linked to Israeli Zionism and both are part of the new phase of the coloniality of power, with its replicas in far-right movements around the world, as the Puerto Rican thinker Nelson Maldonado-Torres has put it with the idea of the "principle of coloniality" (The US at 250, Coloniality, and Political Zionism in Perspective).Therefore, theology as critical thought, which emerges from the life and practice of Christian communities in diverse contexts who experience the glimmerings of redemption, is urgently called to dismantle this false political theology. Failure to do so justifies the imperial narrative.

    An event scheduled for last April as part of our BGVI research project sought to reflect, together with Hilari Rantisi (Centering Human Life, Disrupting Injustice Without Replicating It), a Palestinian-American colleague at Harvard, on peacebuilding in times of war, comparing Zionist colonialism in Palestine with British colonialism in Kenya's recent past. We had organized it with a BC colleague, but ultimately decided to cancel it due to institutional pressure and to avoid the real risk of deportation and even criminalization for those of us who are foreign professors and students, since we could have been accused of supporting "terrorist groups" and threatening national security.

    In that tense atmosphere, BC no longer offered me the necessary security to continue my theological work, to the point of offering me private legal assistance in case of emergency, not institutional, but rather a lawyer specializing in immigration matters. So, with the support of my Dominican religious superior in Mexico, I decided to resign from BC at the end of the spring academic semester to return to my homeland and continue my theological work in freedom.

    The climate of self-censorship that spread like a contagion was most evident when I said goodbye in a letter from my colleagues at BC. I received a single, empathetic response that emphasized "the emotional effects" I suffered from this veiled censorship, without commenting on the reasons for my resignation or the call I made in my letter to reconsider what kind of theology we were pursuing at that university.

     

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    Today, as I conclude my institutional collaboration with Boston College,I write these lines to say "Goodbye, America." That name stolen from the entire continent, but which, in Spanish and Portuguese, as Maria Clara Bingemer, my dear Brazilian colleague, says, we write with an accent, "América." I will not use that name again to refer to a country that has based its two-and-a-half-century history on the theft of territories, fueled by a messianic colonialism of the invasions of American and Caribbean lands, planning and financing constant wars of dominion across the planet. I say goodbye to its theology of dominion and prosperity, disguised as democracy and the free world.

    To my US colleagues who remain silent in the face of their government's imperialism, I hope they may soon awaken from the slumber that has lulled them, whether out of fear of censorship or the complicity of white colonial privilege that prevents them from seeing the corruption of the power that shelters and protects them, based on the global war of the Western world system that creates more and more victims crying out to heaven.

    The giant has feet of clay and will one day fall. Meanwhile, those of us who stand in the crevices of power, wherever we are, weave other ways of life, from the inner freedom of thought and solidarity, from the social, political, academic, and religious peripheries.

    Ivan Illich and Gustavo Esteva, walking with Jean Robert, Sylvia Marcos, and peoples in resistance like the Zapatistas in the epistemic South, opened up the path of life for “deprofessionalized intellectuals” as listeners to peoples in resistance.

    On these routes, fruitful dialogues are woven: South-South, South-North, and many other geographical, political, and spiritual directions, sowing the seeds of new worlds.

    Goodbye, “America.” Hello, free world.

     

    eGoli / Jo'Burg, June 29, 2025

English